Magnetic pumps operate based on magnetic drive technology, which uses magnets to attract ferromagnetic materials. The magnetic field does not significantly affect non-ferromagnetic materials, allowing for non-contact power transmission through a magnetic conductor, such as an isolation sleeve. This design enables the transfer of mechanical energy without direct physical contact between the motor and the pump components.
Fluoroplastic magnetic pumps, diaphragm pumps, and pipe pumps can use either synchronous or asynchronous magnetic drive systems. Most magnetic pumps employ a synchronous design, as illustrated in Figure 2-13. In this system, the motor is connected to the outer magnetic cylinder via an external coupling, while the impeller is attached to the inner magnetic cylinder. A hermetically sealed isolation sleeve separates the inner and outer magnetic cylinders, ensuring that the inner part remains in contact with the pumped medium, while the motor shaft rotates synchronously with the impeller.
In contrast, asynchronous magnetic drives—also known as torque ring magnetic drives—use a cage-like structure instead of an inner magnet. The torque ring, similar to the rotor of an induction motor, generates an induced electromotive force and magnetic field when exposed to the external magnetic field. This results in slightly lower rotational speed compared to the synchronous system. Since there are no permanent magnets involved, asynchronous drives can operate at higher temperatures than their synchronous counterparts.
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1. Pump body
2. Impeller
3. Sliding bearing
4. Pump shaft
5. Isolation sleeve
6. Inner magnetic cylinder
7. Outer magnetic cylinder
8. Rolling bearing
9. Pump outer shaft
10. Coupling axis
11. Motor
12. Base
This design ensures reliable, leak-free operation and is widely used in chemical, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications where sealing is critical.
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