In the context of modern urban development, large public spaces are continuously emerging, featuring luxurious decoration, an abundance of flammable materials, complex structures, and extensive internal areas. These buildings often stand in close proximity, lack sufficient fire water supply, and some roads are not easily accessible. In the event of a fire, the situation becomes highly complicated, making it challenging to control the blaze. The fire spreads rapidly, leading to significant casualties and property damage.
To effectively combat such fires, a reliable water supply is essential. However, in crowded places, the availability of firefighting water is limited. Fighting fires in large, densely populated areas requires a substantial amount of water. Addressing this challenge and ensuring efficient water supply at these locations remains a critical issue. Here are four key strategies proposed by China Rescue Equipment Network to help firefighters make the most of available equipment and resources:
First, the proper deployment and use of water supply vehicles play a crucial role in ensuring that enough water is available for fire suppression. This involves strategically positioning large water tankers and supply trucks to maximize their water-carrying capacity. When water sources are nearby, fire trucks with high-flow pumps should be stationed directly at the source to quickly extinguish the fire. For distant water sources, a relay system can be used to maintain continuous water flow. Selecting the right vehicle size and parking it in an optimal location are also important to avoid traffic congestion and ensure quick response.
Second, the correct laying of water supply lines significantly impacts the efficiency of water delivery. The lines should be as short and straight as possible to minimize pressure loss and reduce water supply time. They should be laid along the roadside to avoid obstructing traffic. In cases where a large volume of water is needed, dual-line systems can be used to enhance water supply capacity. Using larger diameter hoses helps reduce resistance and increase flow speed, ensuring more effective water delivery.
Third, the efficient use of fire water is vital during operations in densely populated areas. Municipal hydrants are typically branched and have small pipe diameters, limiting their water supply capacity. Firefighters should prioritize using nearby hydrants to shorten the water supply line and control the fire quickly. A long-term strategy is necessary due to the high fuel load and intense burning. It's also important to reserve some water sources and manpower to handle unexpected changes on the fire scene, such as new fire points or spreading flames.
Fourth, selecting the appropriate water supply method is essential for successful fire suppression. Direct water supply is ideal when the distance between the water source and the fire is short. If the road conditions are poor or obstacles are present, serial water supply may be required. Water transport should only be used as a last resort. Flexibility in choosing the right method ensures that the maximum amount of water is delivered with minimal vehicle input.
By implementing these strategies, firefighters can better manage water supply challenges in crowded and complex environments, ultimately improving the effectiveness of fire suppression efforts.
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