Timely pruning and topdressing, bitter gourd regeneration and fruitful

Bitter gourd, often used as a melon planting in production. After the Dragon Boat Festival, most of the spring bitter gourd has begun to enter the growth and decline period, but the author sees from the 2 acres of bitter gourd planted in Yanggulin, Pingxi Village, Pingnan Town, Wuhua County, the young melon is full of branches, still fruitful. After investigation, it was found that the cultivation measures such as pruning and pruning and controlling water and fertilizer were adopted to promote the regeneration and growth of bitter gourd, and to achieve the purpose of planting, harvesting and harvesting, and increasing income of farmers. The regeneration cultivation techniques of bitter gourd are introduced as follows:

First, select good varieties to choose long-leaved bitter melon varieties with long melon type and large melons, such as Feng Green, Suiyan No. 1, Yingyin, Xiafeng No. 3, and new emeralds.

Second, the choice of timely planting sowing time can be carried out according to the principle of the harvesting period and the market sales season, which can be sown in January-May. The bitter gourd is cultivated for a long time and the root system is developed. It requires strong soil fertility. Therefore, it should be planted on loam with deep soil layer, fertile soil, convenient drainage and irrigation, and strong water and fertilizer retention capacity. Third, 畦定定

1. Rising from the ground: The whole land should be carried out by deep ploughing in the whole field. Before the tillage, 2,500 kg of organic fertilizer such as fermented pig and cow dung, 40 kg of superphosphate, and smashed.

2, 畦 planting: 畦 planting, the plane is 1.7-1.8 meters (groove) is appropriate, the width of the face is 1.2 meters, the width of the groove is 40-50 cm, the depth of the ditch is 40 cm. Before the planting, 20 kg of superphosphate and 20 kg of compound fertilizer were applied per acre in the center of the noodle. Adopting double-row planting method, the planting specification (row spacing) is 0.9 m×0.35 m, and about 2000 plants are planted.

Fourth, the frame leads to the vine

1, the scaffold: generally adopt the "human" type bracket. When arranging, the groove should be centered on the frame, and the top of the bracket should be placed above the groove. The top of the bracket is about 1.8 meters above the ground.

2, lead vine: When the bitter gourd is about 40 cm long, it should promptly vine and tie the vine. When the vine is put on the shelf, do not let the main vine straight up, and it should be slanted horizontally. At the same time, attention should be paid to evenly distribute the leaves to make full use of the growth space.

3. Pruning: The bitter gourd has strong branching ability and more stems and vines. In order to concentrate nutrients on the main stems and several main side vines, the side vines are removed before the initial flowering period, and the main vines are only 1 meter below. The result of the thick side vine blossoming should remove the excess branches below 1 m, which can reduce the nutrient consumption, improve the ventilation and light transmission environment, and prevent the occurrence of difficult and premature aging.

5. Pruning fertilization promotes regeneration

1. Pruning melon: When the bitter gourd is harvested for the first time, it enters the late harvesting stage. The upper leaves of the plant begin to turn yellow, and the melon type becomes shorter and thinner. A comprehensive pruning and pruning should be carried out. Most of the old stems (with some melons and fruits) above 0.5 m from the ground were cut off, leaving only a small number of tender stems.

2, spraying drugs to prevent disease: the first day after pruning, should spray a fungicide in time to prevent disease. Spray with 75% chlorothalonil 800 times solution or 70% methyl thiophanate 800 times solution to prevent disease. 3, timely fertilization: after pruning, should be fertilized in time to promote the growth of new branches and leaves. 2-3 days after pruning, 1000 kg of organic fertilizer such as decomposed pig cow dung, 25 kg of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer and 10 kg of urea were applied per mu in the central ditch of the noodle.

6. Strengthening the management of fertilizer and water The growth of bitter gourd regeneration is similar to that before pruning, but the time is short. Therefore, fertilizer and water management should be sooner rather than later.

1. Timely topdressing: The topdressing of bitter gourd regeneration should be based on the principle of light, medium and heavy in the early stage. 7-10 days after pruning, 10% of the manure water of 10% of manure is applied per acre to promote seedling fertilizer and promote the growth of new roots and new leaves. After entering the fruit picking period, 20 kg of compound fertilizer and 10 kg of potassium chloride were applied per mu. After each harvest for a period of time (about 8-10 days), 10 kg of potassium sulphate compound fertilizer and 5 kg of urea per acre will be used to extend the harvesting period. At the same time, root dressing method can also be used, such as spraying trace elements such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, boron or 1% urea solution for foliar top dressing.

2, water management: bitter melon regeneration in the summer, more rainfall, air humidity and soil moisture are larger, can be less water; in case of high temperature, in order to reduce the temperature, to supplement the loss of water due to transpiration, can be maintained during the day Semi-ditch water, night drainage, and watering in the evening in the evening.

Seven, pest control

Tripping disease: spraying with 70% diclosan 300 times solution, 75% chlorothalonil 800 times solution or 70% methyl thiophanate 800 times solution.

Downy mildew: sprayed with 58% syphilis 600 times solution, 75% chlorothalonil 800 times solution or 70% methyl thiophanate 800 times solution.

Powdery mildew: spray with 20% powder rust 2000 times solution or 75% chlorothalonil 700 times solution.

Anthrax: 70% methyl thiophanate 800-1000 times liquid or 50% carbendazim 1500 times liquid spray control.

Melon: use the spray of Bacillus thuringiensis preparation "Jinyun No. 2" and other drugs to prevent and cure.

Cucurbita: It is sprayed with 40.7% lesper 1000 times solution and 90% trichlorfon 1000 times solution.

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