I. Industrial diamond market In 1994, De Beers' sales of superhard materials increased compared with 1993, while net income declined slightly. The company stated that in 1994, the world's major industrialized countries experienced rapid economic growth, thus promoting the super The demand for hard materials, but the production capacity of super hard materials has been excessive. This affects its sales price. De Beers reduces the inventory of superhard materials by reducing production, while most of its competitors use dumping to sell their products. In addition, the depreciation of the US dollar relative to the currencies of major European countries has had a series of effects on the operation of De Beers. In 1995, Belgium exported 148 million carats of industrial diamonds worth US$230 million. Although the number increased by 104% over the previous year, the value dropped by about 31%. According to analysis, the main reason for the decline in value is the oversupply of the world industrial diamond market, forcing the market value to fall again. (1) Japanese diamond tool market – At present, the construction industry is still the largest diamond tool market. In 1992, it accounted for 24% of the Japanese diamond tool market, followed by the stone industry accounting for 20% and resin bonding tools accounting for 21%. CBN tools 12%, micro-powder products accounted for 12%, metal bond tools accounted for 11%. In 1971, Japan's diamond tools sales were 11.4 billion yen, 1976 exceeded 20 billion yen, and in 1985 it was 74.7 billion yen, 1989 More than 100 billion yen in the year, nine times in 1971, and 113 billion yen in 1991. However, in 1992, the situation turned sharply, sales were only 98 billion yen, a 13% decrease from the previous year. This is Japan. The value of diamond tools fell for the first time in more than 20 years. In order to stimulate economic recovery, the Japanese government is investing heavily in infrastructure projects such as highways and railways, which means that the demand for diamond tools in the construction industry will also increase. Another example is the automotive industry, which increases the use of diamond and CBN tools in order to reduce production costs. Table 7 Production value of Japanese diamond tools (including CBN tools) in 1990 (million yen) Japan's diamond tools are mainly exported to Asia. In 1990, exports reached 6515 million yen, followed by Europe, North America and South America. Japan's CBN abrasives account for 50% of the world's sales. The annual growth rate of CBN abrasives is 35%, and Japan's bonded abrasives account for 35% of the world. Norton believes that Japan is a booming market for superhard materials. (1) Norton is the world's largest manufacturer of abrasives and abrasives, with manufacturers and distributors all over the world. The company's ultra-hard materials are strategically located around the world and feature the special Norto Company's Super Abrasives. Norton has four independent organizations specializing in the production of superhard materials. These four institutions are: 1) Norton Building Processing Tools, Inc. - produces a variety of diamond saw blades, core drills, drill bits and concrete and brick cutting equipment. , is the world's largest manufacturer of the above products. In 1982, the company became the first company in the world to produce laser-welded diamond saw blades. 2) Norton Industrial Products Co., Ltd. is Norton's second largest manufacturer of superhard materials and one of the world's few manufacturers and producers of industrial diamonds and CBN grinding wheels. 3) Diamond Tool Company, which has various diamond dressing and finishing tools for the finishing of diamond and CBN grinding wheels for finishing ceramic surfaces. There are three main markets: aerospace, automotive and machine tool manufacturing. 4) Amplex, specializing in diamond micronized and electroplated diamond and CBN manufacturing grinding wheels, the company's abrasive paste can be used for the finishing and polishing of ceramics, computers and cutting tools. CBN is the second hardest material in the world and has great development potential. Norton Corporation attaches great importance to the development of CBN products. Norton's goal is to produce "world-class products". Norton's two patents, namely ceramic bond CBN Sigma grinding wheel and CBN/SG mixed abrasive (SG is a microcrystalline ceramic - corundum abrasive) It is very effective for improving productivity and reducing the manufacturing cost of precision components. (3) Brazil is the largest diamond tool user in South America. Its neighbor, Argentina, is the second largest diamond tool user in South America, but its annual consumption is only 20% of Brazil's. For the local diamond tool factory, the most promising market is the stone and construction industry. Since 1989, many stone factories have required the use of the higher-strength diamond SDA100. Brazil is a value-conscious diamond tool market. The willingness to use high-priced diamonds indicates that the stone company is in a better position. Brazil's second largest diamond tool sector is the automotive industry; the largest area of ​​Brazil's third diamond tool is the mining industry. (4) In 1990, the production of all industrial diamond tools in Israel was about 40-50 million US dollars. Its diamond tool exports are $19.5 million, mainly exported to the United States and Europe. Israel has about 10 diamond tool manufacturers, the largest of which is Toolgal, which exports about $1.6 million, mainly from Japan and Southeast Asian countries. . Second, the technical ceramics processing industry, the technical processing of ceramics is the main market for diamond tools. It is estimated that 80% of structural ceramics need to be processed with diamond tools (including grinding wheels), while only 15% of electrical ceramics or electronic ceramics need to be processed with diamond tools. From the perspective of development, the prospect of diamond tools for processing technical ceramics is very promising. The information listed in the full text provides us with a basis for analysis and thinking. The author believes that the evolution of the international superhard material market from the 1990s can at least bring the following considerations: (1) The demand for international superhard materials is rising, especially cubic boron nitride. The largest increase and the fastest rate of increase are worth considering. The development of cubic boron nitride in China is very slow. (2) The international super-hard material tool market still ranks first in the demand for stone processing tools, which brings opportunities for the development of high-grade saw blade-grade diamonds. It is worth considering that in China, it has recently received high-grade synthetic diamond market prices. Repression, the development of high-grade diamonds has weakened. (3) The international market for superhard materials has already reached a considerable scale in many countries. It is worth considering that China is a big country producing synthetic diamonds, but so far, there are few prestigious and well-known supers in international status. Hard material market.
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