[Taiwan Fire Safety Manual] Guidelines for Electric Shock Rescue Safety

I. Introduction

Electricity is an indispensable source of energy. Whether electrical equipment leaks electricity or cannot be detected by using the sight, hearing, smell, and touch of the human body, and because of the danger of electric shock, it is too close to or touch charged objects and there is a risk of electric shock. Injury to people. Rescuers must observe the safety of the environment and observe safety precautions when receiving electric shock accidents, electrical equipment and circuit disaster rescue missions to prevent themselves from being exposed to electric shock during the rescue process.

In special circumstances ( except normal circumstances ) that cannot be covered by this guideline , field personnel should use their professional judgment to adjust the overall situation of people, events, time, place, and matter, and do the most appropriate and timely disposal.

Second, disaster characteristics

1,

2,

Third, the history of the case

1, time of occurrence: June 2014 X day.

2 , place of occurrence: X City XX Road XX substation.

3 , on-site situation:

After receiving the public alarm, the xx company's wire fell on the ground and affected traffic, and immediately dispatched xx Squadron 1 car and 2 people to the rescue. When they arrived at the site, they found that the wire fell from the ground and caught fire. After extinguishing the fire extinguisher, the crew member Chen xx used insulated shears to avoid affecting traffic. When the wire was cut, it was inadvertently hit by a high voltage electric shock of 6,900 volts, resulting in about 20 % of third-degree burns in the whole body . It was urgently sent to the Military Hospital for emergency treatment and transferred to emergency ward treatment. The hospital assessed that there was a danger of life; Team member Chen xx is in urgent need to rescue the injured person. Inadvertent electric shocks and scratches on his hands and feet are not serious.

4. Casualties: Two firefighters were injured.

5 , case analysis:

1. When a cable is dropped, it shall immediately notify the power company in the jurisdiction where it is located to perform power cuts on the site and pull up the cordon within the scope of the sense of power to prevent the public from approaching the site.

2. Before carrying out various rescue operations, you should pay attention to your own safety. Before deciding whether or not to power off, please do not move the wires or cut them. The high voltage wires in the power can not be directly contacted with insulation shears and other tools to avoid danger. .

3 , insulation shear insulation voltage is limited, can not be used to cut off the power of high voltage wire.

Fourth, safety precautions

1,

Upon receiving the electric shock rescue case, 119 the command center shall immediately notify the power company to arrive at the scene to implement power cuts, and when the rescue personnel arrive at the site, they shall judge whether the scene is safe ( observe the overall power equipment and the surrounding environment ) . No matter whether the field power is cut off, Set up alert areas quickly, set the alert distance more than 5 meters to avoid the high-voltage power lines, increase the safety distance according to the site conditions, and pull up the cordon to prevent people from approaching the site and prevent firefighters from touching the wires with the public. 119 At the same time, the command center informed the civilian police to arrive at the scene to serve as a vigilant mission. If the civilian police has not yet arrived, the commander should appoint a person to serve as a warning task.

2,

When rescue workers or vehicles are on site, do not deploy them within the range where the wires may fall. This may prevent strong winds or other factors from causing electric wires to fall and cause electric shock.

3, rescue vehicle accidentally touch the disposal of high-voltage

If rescue vehicles accidentally touch high voltage, rescue workers should stay in the vehicle and do not rush off.

4,

Pay attention to whether the ground is wet or not, and prevent electric shock due to grounding. When a rainy day or a thunderstorm occurs, the wet environment on the site may cause electrical conductivity. Observe the situation on the site and expand the alert area, and perform relevant rescue actions after confirming the power failure.

5,

When rescue workers perform wire drop rescue missions, pay attention to whether there are conductors on the ground (such as rain, cars, metal objects, etc.).

6,

Save the face of unclear lines on the spot, should be regarded as high-voltage power lines, and related safety confirmation.

7,

The commander should confirm whether the power company and the civilian police are on the scene and, after judging the situation on site, communicate the on-site safety management and handling precautions.

8,

If the person injured by the electric shock is still in contact with the power supply or within the power range of the high voltage electricity (arc light will be emitted from the high voltage electricity), do not approach it. The relevant unit or rescuer must first cut off or separate the power supply.

9,

Rescuers should not touch the wires and electrical equipment hanging down in the field to avoid electric shock caused by rescue workers coming into contact with the ground.

10、

When climbing poles, entering electric rooms, or entering an outdoor substation, or approaching transformer substations for rescue, in order to avoid electric shock, ensure that electric power is completely cut off before entering or approaching, and that electric shock risk should be avoided before power off, for example, avoiding high electric shocks. Piezoelectric operation.

11.

Do not use metal or conductive tools for rescue. Do not touch or cut any wire before confirming that the power supply is cut off. Insulation shears have limited insulation voltage and cannot be used to cut off energized high voltage wires.

12,

Please power companies will all power within the site to the extent necessary cut to ground operations as necessary to exclude more than electricity, and use detection equipment to ensure safety, pay attention to fully charged electrical energy storage device is still risk of electric shock, it should invite the specialized technician to carry out checks Ensure safety.

13,

After passing through or passing through the electrical equipment, pay attention to the height of the wire, and do not carry long equipment and equipment on the shoulder and carry it in order to prevent the equipment and equipment from contacting the electrical equipment and cause electrical injury to the rescue personnel.

14,

Should first cut off the power and determine the power failure, do their own insulation and then rescue the injured, can not be in direct contact with the injured to prevent electric shock.

15,

At night rescue missions, individuals are required to carry lighting equipment and illuminate the site with lighting vehicles or equipment to prevent accidental contact with wires.

16,

If you are on the conductive ground, you should use feet to move together, or jump to move. You can't walk step by step and easy to form pathways.

17.

The power company can not immediately cut off the power supply when it is not on the ground. In principle, rescue efforts cannot be implemented rashly. If the wounded is in critical condition and it is necessary to rescue them, they will receive electrical insulation and electric shock protection devices, and isolate the power supply, using insulators (dry long sticks). Or PVC pipe, etc.) After pulling away from the wire to a safe distance other than 2 meters , remove the injured person.

18.

1. Turn off the power switch immediately.

2. Rescue workers should wear insulated gloves in wet conditions and put on insulated boots . Use dry wooden sticks or PVC tubes to remove the wires to a safe distance 2 meters away.

19.

1. Turn off the power switch immediately.

2. Rescuers should wear insulated gloves and put on insulated boots. Use a dry stick or PVC pipe to pull the trapped person to a safe area.

20.

When dealing with electric shocks at a high place or operating aerial work vehicles, safety ropes should be fastened to ensure safety, and whether or not electric wires are near the operating space and the wind direction at the scene should be observed. The operator should take a leeward attitude to prevent the wind from blowing the electric wires to the operator. Or work on aerial vehicles, and in case of strong winds, thunder, heavy fog, or heavy rain, consider safety issues and stop work immediately.

twenty one,

A fire caused by an electric fire cannot be extinguished with water before the power is turned off. If it is a small fire, use a non-conductive carbon dioxide or dry powder fire extinguishing agent to extinguish the fire while maintaining a safe distance. If it is a large fire or cannot immediately extinguish the fire, it should be well protected from the surrounding unburned area.

V. Conclusion

Based on the above several cases and safety precautions, the following conclusions can be drawn:

1. In the face of unknown on-site wire or equipment, it should be regarded as a high voltage wire and confirm safety.

2, rescue workers can not touch live wires hanging down, do not cut any wires.

3. The commander should notify the power company and the civilian police to arrive at the field to ensure that the power supply is cut off and the area is guarded.

4 , the power should be cut off and determine the power failure, do their own insulation protection and then rescue the injured.

This article was adapted from Taiwan's "Firefighters Relief and Safety Manual" and was reorganized and edited by China Rescue Equipment Network.