Abstract: In the coating process line, the electrostatic spray gun is the main body of the core equipment for surface treatment. It is used to spray the paint onto the coated object efficiently and quickly by using a low-pressure high-atomizing device and an electrostatic field generated by an electrostatic generator. The surface of the object to achieve a perfect surface treatment. What are the classification of electrostatic spray guns? How to use the electrostatic spray gun?
[Electrostatic spray gun] electrostatic spray gun classification electrostatic spray gun how to use
Electrostatic spray guns are the basic products for the modernization of industrial spray equipment. In the coating process line, the electrostatic spray gun is the main body of the core equipment for surface treatment. It is used to spray the paint onto the surface of the coated object efficiently and quickly by using a low-pressure high-atomizing device and an electrostatic field generated by an electrostatic generator. To achieve a perfect surface treatment of the coated object, it is both a paint atomizer and an electrostatic electrode generator.
First, the principle of electrostatic spray gun
The electrostatic spray gun is a grounded coated object as a positive electrode, the paint atomizing device is a negative electrode, and the paint atomizing device is provided with a high negative voltage, and a static boundary is formed between the two electrodes, so that the atomized paint particles are negatively charged, so that the paint The method of effectively being sucked on the object surface of the opposite electrode is called electrostatic coating. Then why is the coating material used as the positive electrode and the coating atomizing device as the negative electrode? Therefore, when it is reversed, it is difficult to transfer the spark discharge to be unsafe.
In order to carry out electrostatic coating, the grounding of the object to be coated is an important requirement, and the object to be coated must be a good electrical conductor. Wood is generally considered to be an electrically poor conductor, but when the water content is 8% or more, electrostatic coating can be performed, and experience has been confirmed.
This is a typical electrostatic coating. The current flowing between the positive and negative poles is 20 to 50 microamperes (MICRO-AMPERE), which is very small. Therefore, although it is wood, objects with large resistance values ​​can be implemented. Electrostatic coating.
Second, the electrostatic spray gun classification
Electrostatic spray guns have different classifications according to their functions and uses.
Classified by type: manual electrostatic spray gun and automatic electrostatic spray gun.
Manual electrostatic spray gun
The spray tool used for manual spraying is suitable for spraying large, medium and small workpieces with irregular appearance. Also used for outdoor large workpiece spraying. Uniform spraying of a wide range of workpieces is possible in a short time.
Automatic electrostatic spray gun
1. The cup-type electrostatic spray gun is atomized by the centrifugal force of the cup by means of a rotating cup with a line speed of up to 30 m/s. The paint mist flies toward the object under centrifugal force and electrostatic attraction.
2. The disc type electrostatic spray gun is also called Ω-shaped electrostatic spray gun. The centrifugal force of the high-speed rotating disc (200mm or more and the rotation speed is 3000~6000r/min) is used to atomize the paint, and then fly to the object to be coated after being charged.
3. Ordinary automatic electrostatic spray gun.
Classified according to applicable paint: powder electrostatic spray gun and liquid electrostatic spray gun.
The electrostatic spray equipment is mainly composed of a powder supply bucket, a dusting gun and a controller.
Powder electrostatic spray gun
Powder supply bucket: durable, good fluidization effect, smooth appearance, made of imported microporous plate, good flow effect, no arrow peak phenomenon, make the powder more uniform, electrostatic spray machine with stainless steel powder bucket, can be off At the bottom, the fluidized plate can be disassembled and the color change is convenient; the centralized powder supply bucket for electrostatic spraying is mainly used for the powder coating line, which can be customized according to actual needs. It can be equipped with 4-8 powder pumps, which has good fluidization effect and concentrated powder. Powder spray gun: The electrostatic spray gun absorbs foreign advanced technology, the gun body is injection-molded, light weight and beautiful, and the gun adopts secondary boost technology. The number of times of pressure is up to 24, the electrostatic field is strong, and the front end of the gun is rotated. The jet-assisted device makes the plastic powder mist more ideal.
Controller: The electrostatic spray equipment controller includes static generator, power controller, powder supply controller and other control units. The electrostatic generator color grating displays voltage and current. The circuit has short circuit protection and constant current source control. All are imported. The circuit uses a low-pressure input gun to make the control system safer.
Liquid electrostatic spray gun: commonly known as electrostatic spray gun, electrostatic spray gun, spray paint electrostatic spray gun. It is mainly composed of a nozzle, a spray gun, an electrostatic generator, and a paint pump.
Liquid electrostatic spray gun
1. Nozzle: electrostatic spray gun atomization device. The circular nozzle and the fan nozzle are generally selected depending on the type of the coating and the object to be coated.
2, spray gun: spray gun construction principle is the same as ordinary air spray gun. The structure is simple, but it requires extremely high precision. It is necessary to use extremely high-resistance materials such as corrosion resistance, wear resistance, and electric shock to ensure longevity. It uses high-quality nozzles, sprays, paint valves, and specially treated needles.
3, electrostatic generator: also called controller or host. Electrostatic spraying is achieved by a high voltage module that generates an electric field force. 4, paint pump: the paint supply system of the electrostatic spray gun, the power source of the paint.
According to the supply method of the paint: pressure feed type, gravity type.
Third, the scope of application of electrostatic spray gun
With the rapid development of electrostatic spray guns, it has been widely used in all walks of life. To achieve electrostatic spraying, it must be ensured that the coating and the object to be coated must be conductors. The coating resistance and viscosity must be in the proper range.
1. Metal protection and metal surface coating.
2. Wood surface coating.
3. Plastic surface coating.
4, electroplating protection.
5. Aerospace industry.
6, vehicle parts.
Spraying with an electrostatic spray gun can greatly improve the paint rate of the coated object and reduce paint waste. Regardless of saving paint, saving man-hours and improving the working conditions of painters, or from the perspective of improving coating quality and environmental protection, the electrostatic spray gun spraying process has ensured its important position.
Fourth, how to use electrostatic spray gun
The first step: cleaning
Turn on the oil pump air pressure to make the oil pump fill the gun water, clean the oil pump and nozzle, and clean the oil pump when the oil pump return switch opens one third to make it circulate. (Aqueous electrostatic gun return oil pipe, directly return oil for static electricity), pick up the oil pump suction nozzle after cleaning, open the oil pump return switch (water gun electrostatic gun direct return), clean the gun water, put it into the paint bucket, put it At the same time, the paint is evenly stirred. The paint concentration is generally about 11S for transparent paint and about 13S for colored paint. The paint concentration should not be too high, which will affect the conductivity and leveling.
The second step: spray gun debugging
(1) Install the nozzle, open the air pressure, adjust the nozzle atomization arc. If you need to adjust the atomization arc during the spraying process, you must first close the gun head to the wall, let go of the static electricity remaining on the gun, then adjust the power or turn off the power to release the residual. Static electricity adjustment
(2) Adjust the power box of the static box to be turned on. Normally use the static electricity to grab the static electricity range and adjust the display position on the electrostatic box (50-70V). Is it within the reference range?
(3) Determine the distance between the spray gun and the workpiece according to the plane size of the workpiece during spraying. The hardware is generally (5-8 cm), and the distance between the large hardware can be appropriately extended (usually controlled at 8-12 cm).
(4) The painted workpiece and the hanger must be grounded. 
Editor in charge: Zhao Hongli
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