15.1 General provisions
15.1.1 In addition to the fire safety design of a logistics building, the requirements of the current national standard "Code for the Prevention of Fire Protection of Building Design" GB 50016 shall be complied with in accordance with the following requirements :
1 Operational logistics construction should implement the provisions of the plant;
2 storage-type logistics construction should implement the provisions of the warehouse;
3 The operation area and storage area of ​​the integrated logistics construction shall implement the regulations concerning the plant and warehouse, respectively.
15.1.2 The fire protection design of supporting buildings such as office buildings, living services and other constructions of logistics buildings shall be implemented in accordance with the provisions of the current national standard "Code for the Prevention of Fire Protection in Building Design" GB50016 regarding office and living service buildings.
15.2 Fire Rating of Logistic Building Components
15.2.1 Single-storey and multi-storey logistics constructions with Class 1 fire-resistance When fully protected by an automatic sprinkler system, the fire-resistant limit of the roof load-bearing components shall not be less than 1.00h . For areas where there are special requirements for the arrangement of automatic sorting system equipment, the protective measures for roof load-bearing components can be determined through fire performance design.
15.2.2 The fire resistance rating of a platform used for logistics operations or cargo storage shall not be lower than Class II.
15.3 Fire Rating, Number of Layers, Area and Plane Arrangement of Logistics Buildings
15.3.1 In addition to high-rise logistics buildings, the maximum permissible fire zone area of ​​an area where dense automatic sorting system equipment is located within an operational logistics building for automatic sorting of goods can be performed according to Table 3.1 .
Description: Post sorting centers, express sorting centers, etc. usually have dense and complex automatic sorting lines, which are large and criss-cross. For example, the maximum allowable building area of ​​a fire partition is implemented in the current national standard “Code for Fire Protection of Building Design†( GB50016) . The provisions of the factory building and the number of firewalls installed will make it difficult to arrange and operate the sorting system. Because the sorting operation is different from manufacturing, the fire risk is relatively small. Refer to the fire protection design of similar international projects, and refer to the domestic fire safety performance analysis of similar projects. Consider the management and equipment configuration of the automation sorting center in fire safety. The technology is advanced and reliable, and this requirement is made according to the production requirements.
15.3.2 When multiple multi-storey or high-rise logistics buildings are connected by floor freight transport passages, their fire protection design should meet the following requirements:
1 The floor space, fire partition area and fire separation distance of each logistics building shall comply with the provisions of the current national standard “Code for the Fire Protection of Building Design†GB50016 ;
2 The fire resistance rating of each building and floor cargo transportation passage shall not be lower than Grade II; the ceiling material of the passageway shall be made of non-combustible or non-flammable materials, and the fire resistance limit of the roof load-bearing components shall not be less than 1.0h;
3 When the loading and unloading operations are carried out on both sides of the autopass , the minimum clear width of the aisle should not be less than 30m ; when the floor cargo transportation passage is only used as vehicles, the multi-storey logistics construction should not be less than l0m , and the high-rise logistics construction should not be less than 13m. ;
Explanation: Each building should meet the requirements of fireproof spacing; the car passageway is usually used as cargo operation, fire engines can pass through and carry out firefighting and rescue in case of fire. The width of the car passage includes the car loading and unloading area and the passage area of ​​the vehicle. The passage width specified in the article is determined according to the model and the parking mode. The channel width is determined in accordance with the required minimum of 5 ten fire and rescue s + 5 = 18m width but also to meet the width of the transport vehicle unloading dock, according to the minivan length 6m, while both sides need to stop work 12m, the minimum width of the channel is obtained 30m .
(4) Two fire exits shall be provided for each fire partition . When evacuation stairs are set on the first floor of floor freight transport, personnel can be evacuated to the floor freight transport passage; when the logistics buildings are arranged on both sides of the passage, the passageway The distance to the evacuation stairs from one point to the first floor should not exceed 60m ;
Note: Each fire district should ensure that there are two safety exits, the car access is close to the outdoor environment, and the car passage is not divided into separate fire zones. When the car channel has evacuation stairs that pass through the outdoor floor, the exit to the car channel can be As safety exits; evacuation stairs shall be provided on both sides when the buildings are arranged on both sides of the aisle.
5 The open area of ​​the cargo transportation passage on the top floor shall not be less than 20% of the passage area of ​​the floor; the natural exhaust area on other floors shall not be less than 6% of the passage area of ​​the floor ; when the passage height is greater than 6m , the passageway and nature In areas where the distance between the exhaust outlets is greater than 40m , mechanical smoke exhaust facilities shall be provided.
Explanation: There should be a shelter on the top of the car passageway. It should be open to the outside and have a large natural exhaust area. Other floors can use the fireproof distance between buildings to discharge smoke in the event of a fire.
Fire hydrants and automatic fire extinguishing facilities shall be installed in the 6- floor cargo transportation corridor;
The emergency lighting and evacuation indicator shall be provided on the 7th floor freight transport corridor.
15.3.3 For multi-storey or high-rise integrated logistics buildings, the following provisions shall be complied with when the storage area, operational subdivision floor layout, or tear placement within the same floor are:
1 Each floor shall separately implement the provisions of the current national standard "Code for the Fire Protection of Architectural Design" GB50016 regarding multi-storey or high-rise factory buildings (warehouses) according to the nature of the work ;
2 The non-combustion body window wall with the fire-resistance limit of not less than 1.0h and the height of not less than 1.Zm shall be installed between the operation floor and the storage floor , or the fire-resistance limit shall not be less than 1.0h and the width shall be not less than the distance along the external wall. 1.5m fire provocation.
Note: When different floors of a logistics building consist of work areas and storage areas, each floor shall be designed in accordance with the provisions of a multi-storey factory building (warehouse). If a certain layer belongs to the operation type, it shall be designed according to the provisions of the multi-storey factory building; if it belongs to the storage type, it shall be designed according to the provisions of the multi-storey warehouse. Separate floors are required for floors of different nature.
15.3.4 When the storage area is arranged in the operational area of ​​the operation-type logistics construction and the integrated logistics construction, the storage area shall comply with the provisions of the current national standard “Code for the Fire Protection of Building Design†GB 50016 , but when the storage area meets the following requirements Between the storage area and the operating area may not be separated by a wall, but an indoor fire separation belt with a width of not less than Sm shall be provided . There shall be no articles and facilities in the fire separation belt that will affect the evacuation of people and cause the spread of fire:
An article storage area (C) is not greater than 1500?;
The area of ​​the storage area for Type 2 and Type E articles shall not exceed 3,000 。.
Note: Local storage of goods in the work area, such as setting up fire separation, will cause inconvenience to the production operation. Therefore, this article stipulates that when a storage area is small, no wall may be provided, but an indoor fire protection partition shall be provided. Article 15.6.2 of this code stipulates that the storage area shall be extended outward by spraying protection, which can effectively prevent the spread of fire in the storage area. The setting of fire barriers refers to the provisions of the “Fire Protection Design of Certain Large-scale Logistics Warehouses in Shanghai†indoor fire protection isolation zone, and refers to the implementation cases of multiple projects. These project projects adopted the fire isolation belt method to pass the performance analysis and fire demonstration, and they were constructed and implemented. There were many papers in the fire academic journals.
1 project case
1 ) "A Feasibility Analysis of Division of Fire Prevention Zones in a Large International Convention and Exhibition Center" ("Fire Science and Technology" 2005.1-1) , 9m fire protection zone ;
2 ) A large-scale warehouse supermarket in Shenyang covers an area of 55,000 meters with a 9m wide channel in the middle .
2 fire scenes
A fire broke out in a medical equipment company in Zibo City, Shandong Province. The fire brigade put forward the fire countermeasures for fighting large-span steel structure workshops. Large-span steel structure workshops have large space and flammable materials, so it is necessary to seize the most precious 30 min after a fire. , Organize personnel and effective equipment such as forklifts, arm fire trucks, excavators, etc., implement demolition on the plant perimeter, ceiling and ceiling, cool the exhaust fumes and open the fighting gap, if necessary, from the middle of the entire factory building to “cut off and cut off†and play “ Isolation zone." Practice has proven that the sooner it is broken down. The more conducive to mastering the entire fire field initiative. The more conducive to reducing the temperature and reducing the toxicity of the exhaust fumes, cooling the load-bearing steel structure, and opening the tunnel for fire fighting and rescue. Protect buildings and production facilities to the utmost; For buildings that have already burned and ignited, they must discard them in a timely manner when their fire-fighting power is insufficient, select their direction of spread, and promptly demolish them. When the demolition takes place, there must be an advance amount to cut off the spread of fire ("Fight Science and Technology" technology "2011 11:" In large-span steel plant fire fighting and analysis ").
15.3.5 Storage of Class 1 Class-A, Class-A, Category-A storage logistics buildings other than flammable liquids, cotton, hemp, silk, wool and other textiles, foams, etc. when their floor area exceeds the current national standard "Architectural Design When the fire protection code GB50016 specifies the floor area of ​​the warehouse, the fire escape can be used to separate the buildings. When the area of ​​each storage area is no more than 24,000 , the fire exit passages should meet the following requirements:
The distance between 1 channels should not be greater than 220m ;
2 channel width should not be less than 6m ;
The dividing wall on both sides of the 3 channels shall be a firewall, and shall be 0.5m above the roof , or an independent roof structure system shall be adopted at the entrance; a door opening shall not be opened on the firewall; when opening the door opening, Class A fire doors or fire shutter doors shall be used;
Both ends of the 4 channel shall be open to the outside, and no articles shall be stacked in the channel;
Smoke exhaust facilities should be set up in the 5 channels. When using natural smoke, the exhaust area should not be less than 2% of the passage ground area ;
Fire hydrants, automatic sprinkler systems and emergency lighting facilities should be installed in the 6- channel.
Explanation: The modern logistics construction pursues the continuous improvement of the collection and delivery efficiency. The big cities achieve the delivery and delivery capacity on the day, and the requirements for the scale of the logistics construction are getting larger and larger to meet the continuously increasing receiving and dispatching volume. The arrangement can be sorted at the same time. Multiple procedures for shipping. Due to the large floor space, completed projects using fire exits include:
1 Suzhou Industrial Park a sporting goods store (Figure 1), a single layer, covers an area of 60,000, 200m × 300m, 6m wide fire disposed intermediate channel, channel uses natural smoke.
2 Wuqing an item (2), a total area of nearly 100,000 MZ construction, a four monolayer covering ll0m × 208m warehouses, intermediate set fire channel, the channel has a roof, and a mechanical exhaust provided .
This article refers to the "Fire Protection Design Rules for Large-scale Logistics Warehouses in Shanghai," the provisions of the fire separation channel, increased the depth of the warehouse restrictions, and from the various aspects of the fire channel to complement the provisions.
15.3.6 The platform and building mezzanine for logistics operations and cargo storage shall be counted as the fire prevention partition area. When the area of ​​the construction mezzanine is less than 30% of the fireproof partition area of ​​the multi-storey high-rise building or warehouse, the number of building floors may not be counted; when it exceeds 30% of the fireproof partition area of ​​the multi-storey high-rise building or warehouse , it shall be in the single-story and multi-storey, high-rise Different fire zones are divided between and the area of ​​the warehouse should not exceed the maximum allowable floor space of a warehouse.
Explanation: This article provides specific regulations for the form of a mezzanine in a logistics building.
Within the logistics building, due to operational procedures, a mezzanine is partially installed for logistics operations or cargo storage, and its area should be included in the fireproof area. When this area is large, it should also be included in the number of buildings. Take the actual project as an example to illustrate:
Example 1 : An operating single-storey factory building with an area of 36,000 hrs, fire-resistance grade one, partial interlayer, area of 7,800 ,, and about 400 people working at the same time , exceeding the multi-storey factory fire protection partition 6000 × × 30% =1800 (If a 3,600 m scoop can be used for self-injection , then the factory should divide the single-storey and multi-storey plant into different fireproof partitions.
Example 2 : A Class-C storage logistics building with an area of 18,000 sq ft, with a partial mezzanine layer covering an area of 3,000 hours. At the same time, the number of workers is about 150. It exceeds the fireproof partition area of ​​multi-storey Class C warehouses by 4800 × 30% = 1440 ? ( With self-injection regulations, the warehouse should divide the single-storey warehouse and the multi-storey warehouse into different fire zones. The equipment maintenance platform and unattended equipment platform do not count fire prevention partition area and building layers.
15.3.7 Logistics buildings constructed using terrain height differences, when different floors can reach different elevation floors and meet the following conditions, the number of building layers can be calculated separately for different elevations:
1 The fire lane should be set along the long side of the building at different elevations. When it is a high-rise building, a fire-fighting and rescue site should be set along the long side.
(2 ) The height of the window wall between the upper and lower levels of the layered calculation is not less than 1.Zm , or the fire prevention prongs with the width not less than 1.5m along the outer wall ;
3 There are safety exits that pass through different elevations.
Explanation: This article refers to the "Code for the Design of Fire Protection for High-rise Civil Buildings on Slopes" in Chongqing. During the investigation, we saw a class of logistics buildings with a total of two floors. The two- story freight lanes were set up to communicate outdoors . The width of the passages far exceeds the width required for operations. As shown in Figure 3 , there is also a logistics building built on slopes. Both forms can determine the number of floors according to the provisions of this article.
15.3.8 When a cargo transportation corridor is set up between logistics buildings, one end of the corridor shall be provided with separation measures to prevent the spread of fire between adjacent buildings.
Explanation: When the goods need to be transported or transported between logistics buildings due to operational requirements, cargo transportation corridors may be provided. When using continuous conveying equipment, in order to avoid the event of fire, spread through the conveyor belt corridors, this section requires the fireproof separation measures to be taken at one end of the corridor. Fire separation measures nail-level fire doors, super fire shutters, separate water curtains, automatic sprinklers with encryption settings.
15.3.9 For a high shelf storage area with only one lane, when the area exceeds the maximum allowable floor area of ​​a fire partition, if the following conditions are met at the same time, there may be no firewall between fire partitions:
1 out of the library equipment needs to work in the entire lane;
2 Set up an automatic fire extinguishing system on the shelf;
3 The shelf of each fire partition is independent, and the spacing between adjacent shelves is not less than l0m .
Note: For large-scale air storage container overhead storage systems, sometimes the area of ​​a roadway has exceeded the maximum allowable floor area of ​​a fireproof partition specified in the national standard “Code for the Prevention of Fire Protection of Building Design†( GB50016 ), because the equipment out of the storage tank must be operated in the whole laneway, and The equipment is very high and it is difficult to adopt fire prevention measures.
15.3.10 The storage sheds for storing flammable materials shall determine the fireproof distance to the adjacent buildings in accordance with the provisions of the current national standard "Code for the Prevention of Fire Protection of Building Design" GB50016 .
Note: The current national standard "Code for Fire Protection of Architectural Design" GB50016 stipulates that the fireproof material stacking yard shall determine the fireproof distance to the adjacent building according to the total reserve of the storage yard. This article refers to this provision.
15.3.11 When the office building serving logistics construction is adjacent to Class C logistics construction, its fire resistance rating shall not be lower than Class II, and the non-combustible wall with fire resistance limit of not less than 2.0h shall be separated from the logistics building. And an independent safety exit should be set up. When a partitioned door needs to have interconnected doors, Class B fire doors should be used. (Strong)
Explanation: Due to business needs or restrictions on land use, there will be situations in which office buildings and logistics buildings are adjacent to each other in the construction of logistics buildings. The purpose of this article is to prevent the spread of logistics buildings to office buildings during fires and ensure the safe evacuation of personnel in office buildings.
15.3.12 When the office building is combined with the Category C logistics construction, the fire resistance rating shall not be lower than Grade II, and the floor separation between the Class C logistics construction and the office building shall not exceed the fire resistance limit of 2.0h . The safety exits and evacuation stairs for Class C logistics buildings and office buildings shall be set separately. The height of the wall between the office building and the exterior wall of the logistics building and the opening of the lower floor shall not be less than 1.2m or a fireproof provocation shall be provided with a width of no more than 1.0m and a length not less than the width of the opening.
Explanation: The construction of Category C logistics construction and office building refers to the lower floor for logistics production and the upper floor for office use.
15.3.13 In offices and lounges set up in category C logistics buildings, non-combustible partition walls with a fire-resistant limit of not less than 2.5 hours and floors not less than 1.0 hours shall be separated from other parts. Doors on partition walls shall be separated. Category B fire doors;? when office, lounge area greater than 200, should be set to at least one independent safety exit.
Explanation: This article shall comply with the current national standard "Code for the Fire Protection of Building Design" GB 50016 on the fire safety separation requirements for different functional areas within a building, and for the fire prevention separation measures for offices in Category C operational or storage logistics buildings. Provisions. The waiting room in the logistics building is designed according to the lounge. For offices and lounges where the area is less than 200 , there is no need for an independent safety exit due to the small number of people.
15.4 Safe Evacuation
15.4.1 The safety evacuation of logistics buildings shall implement the evacuation regulations for the plant and warehouse in GB50016 of the current national standard “Code for Fire Protection of Building Design†in accordance with its function of use . When the height of Class 2C logistics construction exceeds 6m and an automatic sprinkler system is provided, the maximum evacuation distance from any point to the safety exit shall not exceed 1.25 times the specified value . The arrangement of sorting and conveying equipment should meet the evacuation requirements of personnel.
Explanation: According to the current national standard "Code for the Fire Protection of Building Design" GB50016 , the maximum evacuation distances for single-storey and multi-storey factory buildings with class C and Class I fire resistance are 80m and 60m , respectively . With large quantities, the evacuation distance can hardly meet this requirement. Since operational logistics construction is different from the factory's production workshop, there is no product manufacturing process, and the fire risk is lower than similar production plants; its personnel load is smaller than that of schools, commercial and other civil buildings, and both are internal employees, and the evacuation speed is fast. In the above regulations, the evacuation distance can be increased by 25% when the civil building is equipped with self-injection equipment, and the safety evacuation distance is increased by 25% when the automatic sprinkler system is installed in the C- 2 type logistics construction .
When the floor height exceeds 6m or more, there is a space for accommodating smoke after a fire occurs, and a smoke exhaust facility is provided within the building. During the time when the smoke layer falls below 2m
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