I. Overview of intelligent buildings
In modern intelligent building construction, the electronic access control system not only enhances the intelligence of buildings, but also enhances the image of the building. It is also an important part of the intelligent building security system. Since the access control system has played a controlling role in the entrance and exit of building buildings, he has also become an important barrier for building security.
Second, the functional requirements of intelligent buildings for access control systems
In modern intelligent building construction, due to the different functions of the building, the protection level requirements for the security system are different. Therefore, the functional requirements of the access control system are also different due to different levels of protection.
At the same time, due to the different building structures of various intelligent buildings, the composition and structure of the access control system and equipment selection requirements are also different.
2.1 Access Control System Functional Requirements Analysis
1. Control of the gate area
The primary task of the access control system is to complete the control of the gate area and realize the authorized personnel to enter the prescribed door area at the specified time. At the same time, in order to ensure the safety of the door area, it is also required that the door be opened for more than a certain period of time, and there must be an alarm prompt to avoid the safety hazard caused by human beings forgetting to close the door.
In the way of opening the door, it is also required to open the door with a card, open the card with a password, and open the door with a pure password.
In addition, in a specific intelligent building, it is required to realize the interlock function of the two adjacent doors, that is, when one door is opened, the other door cannot be opened. In prisons, detention centers and other places, the "anti-coercive password alarm" function is also required to ensure that personal safety and clever alarms can be ensured when the police on duty are held hostage.
2, online patrol
Security inspections are indispensable in smart buildings. The traditional offline patrol record can not be transmitted into the system in real time, and the degree of intelligence is not high. The card reader of the access control system can be directly used as a patrol point to realize online real-time upload of the patrol record.
The card reader in the access control system is used as the patrol point, and the ID card is used as the carrier of the patrol to realize real-time uploading of the patrol record. On the one hand, the online patrol system enhances the intelligence of the patrol management system. On the other hand, it also enhances the security protection level of the system for key protection places.
3, and monitoring linkage
The monitoring system is the basic system for security protection in intelligent buildings. As a security barrier access control system, the linkage between the monitoring and monitoring images can better complement the functions of the two subsystems and block security loopholes.
The linkage between access control and monitoring includes access control card linkage capture, access control card linkage video recording, access control card linkage pop-up video image and so on.
4, and fire linkage
The fire protection system is an indispensable part of the intelligent building. When a fire or other situation occurs, the fire protection system will initiate corresponding measures. In the event of a fire, the access control system must respond in time to open the corresponding door area to ensure the evacuation of personnel. Therefore, the linkage between access control and fire protection systems is essential in intelligent building construction.
2.2 System structure composition requirements
1. Bus requirements for different environments
Different building structures have different requirements for the bus connection of the access control system. A small and medium-sized access control system can be connected to the RS485 bus in an environment where the distance between the doors and the door is not large. However, the building structure is complicated, and the distance between the door and the door exceeds the transmission capacity of the RS485 bus, and the data transmission of the system is often selected by using the existing TCP/IP network in the building.
2. Choice of readers for different environments
For the built environment with high protection level, the access control system is required to open the door with “Card Password†or “Pure Passwordâ€. When selecting the card reader, you must choose to have a keyboard reader.
In some outdoor installations that do not require a password function, a card reader without a keyboard is required.
In addition, depending on the card used, an ID card reader with a card reading frequency of 125 KHz and an IC card reader with a card reading frequency of 13.56 MHz are generally used.
3. Requirements for the working mode of the access control system
The access control system in the general intelligent building will require real-time uploading of the entry and exit records, so that the control center can timely grasp the entry and exit of each door area. In the case of system communication interruption, the access control system is required to have the ability to work offline, save the entry and exit records in the offline state, and upload the control center when the communication is restored.
4. Requirements for easy maintenance
As an important barrier to intelligent building security systems, access control systems must have good maintainability. First of all, we must ensure that there is a problem at one point and it will not affect the normal operation of other devices in the system. Secondly, it is required that the system has a certain fault self-diagnosis function.
Third, the design of the Australian intelligent access control system
The Aopu intelligent access control system fully considers the specific needs of different application environments in terms of the hardware structure and software functions of the system, and has made a perfect design. In addition, as an important part of the company's various industry security solutions, the access control system has also been designed specifically for the unique needs of each industry.
3.1 system composition
1, system hardware components
The Aopu intelligent access control system consists of several parts such as system software, access controller, card reader and electric lock.
The access controller is the core equipment of the intelligent access control system. The Aopu intelligent access controller has several series of single door controllers, split single door controllers, two-door controllers and four-door controllers. In the communication mode, the Aopu intelligent access controller supports RS232, RS485 and TCP/IP communication modes, and can use different bus communication methods in different environments to build a flexible system.
The card reader is the front-end acquisition device of the access control system. For the card reading frequency, the Aopu access control system has an ID card reader and an IC card reader. For the difference between the card opening method and the card opening method, the Aopu card reader has a password keyboard reader and a keyboardless card reader.
The electric lock is the executive mechanism of the access control system. The Aopu access control system can support various electronic locks such as magnetic locks, electric locks, electric locks, and cathode locks. At the same time, it can control electric gates such as automatic retractable doors.
The system software is the upper management mechanism of the access control system, and is also the human-computer interaction interface. In addition to being controlled by standard access control software, the Aopu access control system can also be controlled by the supervisory command system software and unattended integrated monitoring software.
2, system bus structure
The OPEP access control system can support the RS485 bus mode and the TCP/IP communication mode. When constructing the system, the transmission mode can be selected according to the actual situation of the building structure. In the environment where the network resources are not sufficient and suitable for wiring, the RS485 bus mode can be adopted; in the environment where the wiring is inconvenient and the network resources are sufficient, the TCP/IP communication mode can be adopted.
For specific environments, you can also use a mix of TCP/IP and RS485 buses. Any access controller in the system is used as a network node. The node can connect the nearest access controller through the RS485 bus, and connect the system software through the node. In this way, the access controller can be installed as a network node in the location where the system has network resources, and the access controller with no network resources nearby can be connected, the system software passes the access controller of each network node, and the node is RS485 bus. The connected access control device communicates.
3, system working mode
The Aopu access control system works in a networked and offline automatic switching mode to ensure that the system works normally in normal communication and communication interruption. The access control uses the lower computer verification mode, and the system personnel information and authority settings are transmitted to the access controller to ensure that the access controller can also make an accurate judgment according to the cardholder's authority as usual when the system communication is interrupted. .
When the communication of the access control system is normal, the entry and exit records are uploaded to the system database in real time. When the communication is interrupted, the system automatically switches to the offline working mode, and the entry and exit records are saved in the access controller memory. When the communication is restored, the offline record in the access controller is automatically uploaded to the system software.
4, the system is easy to maintain
The Aopu access control system has been specially designed for easy maintenance. The access controller is equipped with a keyboard and LCD display. The keyboard is used for system debugging and various offline settings. LCD Hanxian is used to display the working status of the access control system, including the controller address, current time and date. The system also sets various fault self-diagnosis functions, which displays the communication status of the current controller and the host computer, and the status of the current connected card reader in real time on the LCD display of the access controller, which is convenient for system maintenance.
3.2 system features
1. Perfect door area authority control The Aopu access control system adopts the three-dimensional setting mode of “time zone tableâ€, “timetable†and “staff groupâ€, and sets “what person can enter which door at which time of dayâ€, It ensures the flexibility and precision of the access rights of personnel.
2, door status detection and alarm
The system detects the switch status of the door in real time and displays it on the software interface of the system. At the same time, it is possible to set the door open timeout alarm and the forced door open alarm to ensure that the door opening signal is not turned off within the specified time, and when the door opening signal is not opened by the access control controller, the sound and light prompt reminder management is issued. The personnel pay attention to the gate area.
3, a variety of ways to open the door
The system supports several ways to open the door, such as "swipe the card to open the door", "card plus password to open the door" and "pure password to open the door". In addition, in order to ensure that the entry and exit personnel in the key gate area must leave the entry and exit records, the system designed the “anti-submarine control†function. In the mode of two-way card control in the door area, the card holder must ensure that the card is in normal order when entering or exiting the door area, otherwise the card will be prohibited from passing.
4. “Double Door Interlocking†and “Anti-Duress Password Alarm†for special environments
For high-risk units such as banks, prisons, and detention centers, the Aopu Access Control System has designed the “Double Door Interlock†and “Anti-Duress Password Alarm†functions. In the environment of banks and institutions, two key gates will be set up in the key gate area. There is a buffer between the two doors to reduce the risk. These two doors are absolutely not allowed to open at the same time. After the entry and exit personnel enter the buffer zone by the gate, the second door can be opened only when the first door has been locked. The two-door interlock function ensures the safety of cardholders in high-risk places such as bank treasury and supervisory gates.
In these high-risk places, legal personnel are at risk of being held hostage by illegal personnel and forced to open the door. Therefore, the Aopu access control system has designed the “anti-duress password alarm†function. It can enable legal personnel to ensure personal safety and clever alarm when they are held hostage.
5, online patrol function
The Aopu access control system has the function of online patrol management. The system uses the card reader as a patrol point. The patrol personnel only need to use the card in the hand to swipe the card on the corresponding card reader, so that the patrol can be managed. The online patrol function ensures the real-time upload of patrol records while effectively utilizing the original equipment, and improves the intelligence of management.
6, linkage monitoring image function
In the industrial solutions such as the OPU digital supervision system and the unattended system, the access control is used as a sub-function module to realize the linkage with the monitoring image.
When there is an access control card signal or an access control alarm signal, the system management software will automatically pop up the monitoring image of the door area to provide an accurate on-site situation for the on-duty personnel. At the same time, the duty officer can also directly click on the monitoring image of the door area in the software interface. In addition, in order to ensure the safety in this special industry, the system has specially designed the function of swiping and linking video capture and card-linking video recording, capturing pictures and video files and binding in and out of the record, providing quick verification means for management personnel.
7, emergency plan function
The Aopu Access Control System Design Command Center remotely activates the emergency plan function. When there is a fire or the like in the building, the system can access the signal through the fire button, directly start the emergency plan, open the fire alarm door area, and ensure the evacuation of personnel. In prisons, detention centers and other environments, in the event of prisoner riots, the command center can also remotely launch an emergency plan to “lock one-click†the problematic door area to ensure that the situation is controlled in a timely manner.
Fourth, the conclusion
As a safety barrier for intelligent buildings, intelligent access control is an indispensable part of modern intelligent building security systems. With the advancement of technology, the application of access control systems in different industries is also different. The integrated linkage design of various industry characteristics and security monitoring systems will become a development trend.
In modern intelligent building construction, the electronic access control system not only enhances the intelligence of buildings, but also enhances the image of the building. It is also an important part of the intelligent building security system. Since the access control system has played a controlling role in the entrance and exit of building buildings, he has also become an important barrier for building security.
Second, the functional requirements of intelligent buildings for access control systems
In modern intelligent building construction, due to the different functions of the building, the protection level requirements for the security system are different. Therefore, the functional requirements of the access control system are also different due to different levels of protection.
At the same time, due to the different building structures of various intelligent buildings, the composition and structure of the access control system and equipment selection requirements are also different.
2.1 Access Control System Functional Requirements Analysis
1. Control of the gate area
The primary task of the access control system is to complete the control of the gate area and realize the authorized personnel to enter the prescribed door area at the specified time. At the same time, in order to ensure the safety of the door area, it is also required that the door be opened for more than a certain period of time, and there must be an alarm prompt to avoid the safety hazard caused by human beings forgetting to close the door.
In the way of opening the door, it is also required to open the door with a card, open the card with a password, and open the door with a pure password.
In addition, in a specific intelligent building, it is required to realize the interlock function of the two adjacent doors, that is, when one door is opened, the other door cannot be opened. In prisons, detention centers and other places, the "anti-coercive password alarm" function is also required to ensure that personal safety and clever alarms can be ensured when the police on duty are held hostage.
2, online patrol
Security inspections are indispensable in smart buildings. The traditional offline patrol record can not be transmitted into the system in real time, and the degree of intelligence is not high. The card reader of the access control system can be directly used as a patrol point to realize online real-time upload of the patrol record.
The card reader in the access control system is used as the patrol point, and the ID card is used as the carrier of the patrol to realize real-time uploading of the patrol record. On the one hand, the online patrol system enhances the intelligence of the patrol management system. On the other hand, it also enhances the security protection level of the system for key protection places.
3, and monitoring linkage
The monitoring system is the basic system for security protection in intelligent buildings. As a security barrier access control system, the linkage between the monitoring and monitoring images can better complement the functions of the two subsystems and block security loopholes.
The linkage between access control and monitoring includes access control card linkage capture, access control card linkage video recording, access control card linkage pop-up video image and so on.
4, and fire linkage
The fire protection system is an indispensable part of the intelligent building. When a fire or other situation occurs, the fire protection system will initiate corresponding measures. In the event of a fire, the access control system must respond in time to open the corresponding door area to ensure the evacuation of personnel. Therefore, the linkage between access control and fire protection systems is essential in intelligent building construction.
2.2 System structure composition requirements
1. Bus requirements for different environments
Different building structures have different requirements for the bus connection of the access control system. A small and medium-sized access control system can be connected to the RS485 bus in an environment where the distance between the doors and the door is not large. However, the building structure is complicated, and the distance between the door and the door exceeds the transmission capacity of the RS485 bus, and the data transmission of the system is often selected by using the existing TCP/IP network in the building.
2. Choice of readers for different environments
For the built environment with high protection level, the access control system is required to open the door with “Card Password†or “Pure Passwordâ€. When selecting the card reader, you must choose to have a keyboard reader.
In some outdoor installations that do not require a password function, a card reader without a keyboard is required.
In addition, depending on the card used, an ID card reader with a card reading frequency of 125 KHz and an IC card reader with a card reading frequency of 13.56 MHz are generally used.
3. Requirements for the working mode of the access control system
The access control system in the general intelligent building will require real-time uploading of the entry and exit records, so that the control center can timely grasp the entry and exit of each door area. In the case of system communication interruption, the access control system is required to have the ability to work offline, save the entry and exit records in the offline state, and upload the control center when the communication is restored.
4. Requirements for easy maintenance
As an important barrier to intelligent building security systems, access control systems must have good maintainability. First of all, we must ensure that there is a problem at one point and it will not affect the normal operation of other devices in the system. Secondly, it is required that the system has a certain fault self-diagnosis function.
Third, the design of the Australian intelligent access control system
The Aopu intelligent access control system fully considers the specific needs of different application environments in terms of the hardware structure and software functions of the system, and has made a perfect design. In addition, as an important part of the company's various industry security solutions, the access control system has also been designed specifically for the unique needs of each industry.
3.1 system composition
1, system hardware components
The Aopu intelligent access control system consists of several parts such as system software, access controller, card reader and electric lock.
The access controller is the core equipment of the intelligent access control system. The Aopu intelligent access controller has several series of single door controllers, split single door controllers, two-door controllers and four-door controllers. In the communication mode, the Aopu intelligent access controller supports RS232, RS485 and TCP/IP communication modes, and can use different bus communication methods in different environments to build a flexible system.
The card reader is the front-end acquisition device of the access control system. For the card reading frequency, the Aopu access control system has an ID card reader and an IC card reader. For the difference between the card opening method and the card opening method, the Aopu card reader has a password keyboard reader and a keyboardless card reader.
The electric lock is the executive mechanism of the access control system. The Aopu access control system can support various electronic locks such as magnetic locks, electric locks, electric locks, and cathode locks. At the same time, it can control electric gates such as automatic retractable doors.
The system software is the upper management mechanism of the access control system, and is also the human-computer interaction interface. In addition to being controlled by standard access control software, the Aopu access control system can also be controlled by the supervisory command system software and unattended integrated monitoring software.
2, system bus structure
The OPEP access control system can support the RS485 bus mode and the TCP/IP communication mode. When constructing the system, the transmission mode can be selected according to the actual situation of the building structure. In the environment where the network resources are not sufficient and suitable for wiring, the RS485 bus mode can be adopted; in the environment where the wiring is inconvenient and the network resources are sufficient, the TCP/IP communication mode can be adopted.
For specific environments, you can also use a mix of TCP/IP and RS485 buses. Any access controller in the system is used as a network node. The node can connect the nearest access controller through the RS485 bus, and connect the system software through the node. In this way, the access controller can be installed as a network node in the location where the system has network resources, and the access controller with no network resources nearby can be connected, the system software passes the access controller of each network node, and the node is RS485 bus. The connected access control device communicates.
3, system working mode
The Aopu access control system works in a networked and offline automatic switching mode to ensure that the system works normally in normal communication and communication interruption. The access control uses the lower computer verification mode, and the system personnel information and authority settings are transmitted to the access controller to ensure that the access controller can also make an accurate judgment according to the cardholder's authority as usual when the system communication is interrupted. .
When the communication of the access control system is normal, the entry and exit records are uploaded to the system database in real time. When the communication is interrupted, the system automatically switches to the offline working mode, and the entry and exit records are saved in the access controller memory. When the communication is restored, the offline record in the access controller is automatically uploaded to the system software.
4, the system is easy to maintain
The Aopu access control system has been specially designed for easy maintenance. The access controller is equipped with a keyboard and LCD display. The keyboard is used for system debugging and various offline settings. LCD Hanxian is used to display the working status of the access control system, including the controller address, current time and date. The system also sets various fault self-diagnosis functions, which displays the communication status of the current controller and the host computer, and the status of the current connected card reader in real time on the LCD display of the access controller, which is convenient for system maintenance.
3.2 system features
1. Perfect door area authority control The Aopu access control system adopts the three-dimensional setting mode of “time zone tableâ€, “timetable†and “staff groupâ€, and sets “what person can enter which door at which time of dayâ€, It ensures the flexibility and precision of the access rights of personnel.
2, door status detection and alarm
The system detects the switch status of the door in real time and displays it on the software interface of the system. At the same time, it is possible to set the door open timeout alarm and the forced door open alarm to ensure that the door opening signal is not turned off within the specified time, and when the door opening signal is not opened by the access control controller, the sound and light prompt reminder management is issued. The personnel pay attention to the gate area.
3, a variety of ways to open the door
The system supports several ways to open the door, such as "swipe the card to open the door", "card plus password to open the door" and "pure password to open the door". In addition, in order to ensure that the entry and exit personnel in the key gate area must leave the entry and exit records, the system designed the “anti-submarine control†function. In the mode of two-way card control in the door area, the card holder must ensure that the card is in normal order when entering or exiting the door area, otherwise the card will be prohibited from passing.
4. “Double Door Interlocking†and “Anti-Duress Password Alarm†for special environments
For high-risk units such as banks, prisons, and detention centers, the Aopu Access Control System has designed the “Double Door Interlock†and “Anti-Duress Password Alarm†functions. In the environment of banks and institutions, two key gates will be set up in the key gate area. There is a buffer between the two doors to reduce the risk. These two doors are absolutely not allowed to open at the same time. After the entry and exit personnel enter the buffer zone by the gate, the second door can be opened only when the first door has been locked. The two-door interlock function ensures the safety of cardholders in high-risk places such as bank treasury and supervisory gates.
In these high-risk places, legal personnel are at risk of being held hostage by illegal personnel and forced to open the door. Therefore, the Aopu access control system has designed the “anti-duress password alarm†function. It can enable legal personnel to ensure personal safety and clever alarm when they are held hostage.
5, online patrol function
The Aopu access control system has the function of online patrol management. The system uses the card reader as a patrol point. The patrol personnel only need to use the card in the hand to swipe the card on the corresponding card reader, so that the patrol can be managed. The online patrol function ensures the real-time upload of patrol records while effectively utilizing the original equipment, and improves the intelligence of management.
6, linkage monitoring image function
In the industrial solutions such as the OPU digital supervision system and the unattended system, the access control is used as a sub-function module to realize the linkage with the monitoring image.
When there is an access control card signal or an access control alarm signal, the system management software will automatically pop up the monitoring image of the door area to provide an accurate on-site situation for the on-duty personnel. At the same time, the duty officer can also directly click on the monitoring image of the door area in the software interface. In addition, in order to ensure the safety in this special industry, the system has specially designed the function of swiping and linking video capture and card-linking video recording, capturing pictures and video files and binding in and out of the record, providing quick verification means for management personnel.
7, emergency plan function
The Aopu Access Control System Design Command Center remotely activates the emergency plan function. When there is a fire or the like in the building, the system can access the signal through the fire button, directly start the emergency plan, open the fire alarm door area, and ensure the evacuation of personnel. In prisons, detention centers and other environments, in the event of prisoner riots, the command center can also remotely launch an emergency plan to “lock one-click†the problematic door area to ensure that the situation is controlled in a timely manner.
Fourth, the conclusion
As a safety barrier for intelligent buildings, intelligent access control is an indispensable part of modern intelligent building security systems. With the advancement of technology, the application of access control systems in different industries is also different. The integrated linkage design of various industry characteristics and security monitoring systems will become a development trend.
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