The improved experimental device of the "vibration image of the spring oscillator" experiment has improved the deficiencies of the above-mentioned spring oscillator in the conventional DIS experiment in order to obtain a better experimental image. The improved experiment requires Longway DISLab, computer, air-cushion rail and so on. The improved device is capable of obtaining an ideal vibration image and can study the magnitude of the amplitude, the quality of the vibrator on the spring oscillator period and the image. The device is as shown.
Improved experimental setup. 2Improved experimental steps 1) Use the displacement sensor transmitting module as a spring vibrator and fix it on the trolley of the air-cushion guide rail (the plane on the air-cushion rail supporting the trolley is rectangular, just the displacement sensor transmitting module can be fixed on it) .
2) Start the air source of the air cushion guide, place the trolley on the air cushion rail, fix the springs on both sides of the vibrator to the iron frame, and perform horizontal vibration to fix the receiving module on the other side so that it is in the same plane as the receiving module. And basically right. 3) Connect the data collector to the computer, power supply, and displacement sensor, turn on the power switch of the data collector, and finally turn on the computer.
4) Open the Langwei software and enter the general software of the textbook. Adjust the experiment window to the "Oscilloscope Display" mode. 5) Open the power switch of the displacement sensor transmitting module to make it vibrate horizontally, and observe the vibration image of the spring vibrator. 6) Hold the cart by hand to make it stand still at the spring balance position and place it at the origin (point O). Then make it vibrate horizontally, and obtain the ideal experimental image by modifying the relevant parameters of the x-axis and the y-axis. 7) Observe the image by setting different amplitude values ​​through the scale of the air cushion guide. 8) Change the mass of the spring vibrator by adding weight to the slider, and then observe the image.
Improved experimental phenomena and data analysis 2.3.1 Improved experimental phenomena 1) According to the above operation steps, the vibration image shown is obtained by setting the amplitude of the spring oscillator to 2 cm. The experimental phenomenon after the improvement) further increases the amplitude of the spring oscillator, and obtains an image as shown, and the amplitude of the vibration image is also increased accordingly.
Data analysis 1) The improved experiment removes the influence of the single pendulum on the basis of the original experiment. The air cushion guide is used to reduce the influence of friction and form an ideal spring oscillator. The ideal spring vibrator vibration image is obtained by computer software processing. 2) The effect of amplitude. ～3 verifiable: the amplitude of the vibrator increases and the amplitude of the image increases accordingly. 3) The influence of the vibrator quality. Theoretically T = 2πmk.
That is, on the basis that the stiffness coefficient of the spring is constant, the vibrator mass is larger, and the period of the vibrator is correspondingly larger.
The advantages of the improved experiment have the following advantages compared with the original experiment: 1) It can well demonstrate the vibration image of the spring oscillator, and can also demonstrate the influence of amplitude and vibrator quality on the vibration image. 2) The experimental phenomenon appears fast, and it is not necessary to adjust the device for a long time. 3) Zero setting is convenient and quick. 4) The quality of the vibrator can be arbitrarily changed. 5) The amplitude reading is convenient. The amplitude of the vibrator can be easily read using the scale on the air-cushion rail.
At the end of the improvement, the original single certain experiment was changed into a quantitative experiment. For example, by adding weights or weights to the vibrator, the effect of mass on the vibration period of the spring oscillator is explored; the amplitude is increased or decreased, and the influence of the amplitude on the vibration period of the spring oscillator is investigated, and so on. Through formula calculation and image fitting, the experiment is interesting and research-oriented, and the errors caused by measurement methods, measuring instruments, environment and measurer readings are reduced.
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