The development of STP (Suction Thermal Insulation) materials began in 1972, primarily in Japan and European countries. Since then, the technology has evolved significantly and is now widely used in refrigeration and cooling systems. In Japan, over 90% of refrigerators incorporate this material for effective thermal insulation.
Currently, several European nations are exploring the application of STP materials in construction. For instance, the Munich model project in Germany demonstrated impressive results. The energy consumption of buildings insulated with STP was only one-tenth of the average energy usage in the city. This highlights the material's potential in reducing energy costs and improving sustainability.
According to German testing, STP products have an estimated service life of up to 60 years. While domestic research on similar materials is still in its early stages, most applications are focused on export-oriented refrigeration systems, such as those used in ocean-going vessels. As a result, STP materials are largely imported, making them expensive. Only a few universities and research institutions in the country are currently conducting studies on their use in construction.
Ultrafine glass fiber is a type of artificial inorganic fiber, produced using advanced technology and imported equipment. It is made from cullet, along with additives like soda ash and borax. The molten glass is spun into microfibers with diameters ranging from 2.5 to 5 micrometers, commonly referred to as glass wool. These fibers are interwoven, forming a structure full of tiny pores that allow for excellent air and moisture flow.
Due to its porous nature, ultrafine glass fiber is lightweight, has low thermal conductivity, and offers superior insulation and sound absorption properties. It is non-flammable, resistant to corrosion, non-toxic, and immune to pests. Additionally, it is skin-friendly, highly water-repellent, and chemically stable. These qualities make it ideal for use in sealed lead-acid batteries, filter papers, and vacuum insulation panels (VIPs).
The core material of a vacuum insulation panel (VIP) plays a crucial role in determining its thermal performance. After being placed under vacuum, the core provides structural support and maintains the panel’s integrity. The uniformity of fiber distribution within the core directly affects the insulation efficiency—more even distribution leads to better thermal resistance.
A VIP board, short for "Vacuum Insulation Panel," is a high-performance insulation material. It consists of a high-insulation glass wool core enclosed in a vacuum-sealed, high-barrier package. This design minimizes heat transfer by eliminating convection, resulting in extremely low thermal conductivity. VIPs are environmentally friendly, free from ozone-depleting substances, and offer significant energy savings.
With advancements in VIP technology and material science, the range of applications has expanded beyond flat panels. Now, shaped VIPs such as round, cylindrical, curved, or grooved panels are available, opening up new possibilities for use in various industries.
STP ultra-thin high-efficiency insulation boards offer remarkable benefits:
1. They have exceptionally low thermal conductivity, providing insulation performance equivalent to 4 times that of polyurethane, 5 times that of extruded polystyrene, 6 times that of polystyrene, 12 times that of thermal insulation mortar, and 30 times that of brick walls.
2. STP boards are inorganic materials with a Class A fire rating, meaning they are non-combustible.
3. They are lightweight, with a weight of approximately 3–10 kg per square meter after installation, which is just 1/4 of traditional tiles. This makes them safe and less prone to falling off.
4. Their installation is straightforward, allowing them to be applied like tiles, which reduces construction time and costs.
5. STP boards are non-toxic, eco-friendly, and durable, with a lifespan that matches that of the building itself.
These features make STP boards a promising solution for modern construction and energy-efficient systems.
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