Researchers at Brown University in the United States have developed a new type of alloy catalyst, which can reduce the amount of precious metal platinum and has good performance. Its activity and durability indicators exceed the technical indicators for automotive electric catalysts set by the US Department of Energy in 2020. Has broad application prospects.
The high cost of platinum catalysts is one of the important factors hindering the widespread use of hydrogen fuel cells. To reduce costs, it is a feasible idea to combine platinum with other cheap metals to make alloy catalysts, but how to maintain the performance of such catalysts is a challenge.
The new catalyst is made of platinum and cobalt, and the outer layer is pure platinum, which is surrounded by a core formed by platinum atoms and cobalt atoms alternately. This layered core structure is the key to good catalyst activity and durability. The researchers published a research report in the journal "Joule" on the 16th. Preliminary tests showed that the catalyst performed well in the laboratory environment, and it still maintained its activity well after 30,000 voltage cycles, while the traditional catalyst passed After so many voltage cycles, performance will degrade significantly. For fuel cell vehicles, 30,000 voltage cycles are roughly equivalent to 5 years of fuel cell vehicle use.
In order to further verify the performance of the catalyst in the real fuel cell working environment, the researchers sent the catalyst to the Los Alamos National Laboratory in the United States for testing, and the results were unexpected. The initial activity and durability test data of the new catalyst are far superior to the 2020 technical targets set by the US Department of Energy for automotive electrocatalysts. The Ministry of Energy ’s 2020 initial goal for automotive electrocatalysts is 0.44A / mg (0.44 amps per milligram), and the durability goal is that the loss of catalytic activity after 30,000 voltage cycles is less than 40%, that is, its activity is at least 0.26A / mg. The initial activity of the new alloy catalyst is 0.56A / mg, and the activity is 0.45A / mg after 30,000 voltage cycles.
The researchers said that durability is a major problem for alloy catalysts. Both the initial activity and durability of the new catalysts have reached very high standards, and the future application is very promising. (Reporter Liu Haiying)
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