The key period of wheat winter management, to do these years to harvest and harvest!

At present, wheat planting is over, and it will enter the emergence period, tillering stage and wintering period. This is the key period for wheat winter management. The main task of this period is to promote roots, increase seedlings and cultivate strong seedlings. Management techniques should focus on the following 7 points. :

1. Check the seedlings and make up the seedlings. When one leaf is one heart or two leaves, one seedling is found. It is found that the seedlings and ridges are severely covered by 10 cm or more, and the seedlings are transplanted, and the seedlings can be replanted.

2. Pouring the winter water. It is an important measure to ensure the safe wintering of wheat. Its role is to ensure the physiological water demand of the seedlings during the winter; adjust the temperature of the ground temperature, increase the ground temperature, ensure that the wheat is not frozen when it is tillering, prevent the wintering of the wheat seedlings; can soil the soil; can fight for the early spring management initiative, to achieve winter water Spring use to solve the contradiction between spring low temperature and greening.

Winter pouring time: Generally, the average daily temperature drops to about 4-5 °C (the winter to the small snow) when the winter water is poured, it should be carried out in the night or early freezing, and it will not be frozen after pouring. After pouring, it can only be frozen late, and it is just right when it is frozen.

Winter irrigation should be reasonable, first planting seedlings, then pouring weak seedlings, carefully pouring Miao seedlings; more rain before winter, more than 18% soil moisture content; late buckwheat, short growth period before winter, less effective accumulated temperature, less roots , Ye Shao, less points, in order to use the early winter and early spring effective accumulated temperature, strive for more points, when the foot is not winter.

3, as appropriate, topdressing. When planting, the wheat field with insufficient base fertilizer or the wheat field with severe de-fertilization can be combined with the wintering water, and the urea is about 10 kg of urea, which plays the role of winter fertilizer and spring. For the small group, the total number of stems in the wheat field below 50-600,000/mu combined with watering for top dressing; the total number of stems in the wheat field of 700,000 or more, generally no or less fertilization.

4, 耙耱 rolling. It is beneficial to the roots and soils before wintering, to prevent the wheat from freezing and freezing, and to increase the temperature of the soil, to promote the roots and increase the sputum, to press the soil to raise the sputum, to suppress the weak, to control the stagnation and to promote the spurs. The role. But be careful: do not crush the ground, wet, morning, or cloudy, to prevent the knot. When the wheat field is too prosperous, the crushing can inhibit the growth of the main functional stems and the big cockroaches, so that the seedlings are even and strong. After watering in winter, it should be shallow or smashed in time to break the soil compaction and bridge the crack.

5. Weeding. Two methods of cultivating weeding and chemical weeding can be adopted.

Application period. After 4 leaves (mid-November to early December), it is a suitable period for weeding in wheat fields. Generally, the application is not frosty and heavy rain in sunny days and within 4 days. The temperature is preferably 10-20 °C, and it can be basically absorbed in 4 hours. The minimum temperature during use is not lower than 10 °C to avoid phytotoxicity due to low temperature effect.

72% 2.4-D butyl ester emulsifiable concentrate, 50 ml per acre, spray 40-50 kg of water.

6. Forecast of pests and diseases. It is necessary to do a good job in the investigation and forecasting of the wintering base of pests and diseases, to achieve early detection, early prevention and control, to prevent spread, and to strive to control the damage in the bud. If no pesticide is applied at the time of sowing, when underground pests are found in the seedling stage, use 16g of phoxim + 50kg of water or 13g of cisplatin, or mix with fine sulphur 50-70g. 50 kilograms was sprinkled on the base of the wheat seedlings.

7. It is strictly forbidden to graze. Preventing cattle and sheep from eating wheat seedlings, the eucalyptus leaves not only reduce the area of ​​green leaves, but also reduce the nutrients produced, and the greening is slow, and the mites and leaf sheaths (with a large amount of nutrients and sugar accumulation) are easy to cause freezing damage.

Advantages of wheat weeding before winter

The weed seedlings are small before winter, the drug resistance is poor, the dosage is small, and the cost is low. The cost of chemical weeding before winter only accounts for 2/3 of the cost of conventional herbicide weeding in spring.

Before the application of the medicine, the wheat seedlings were not sealed, the field canopy was small, the weeds were bare, the medicine surface was large, and the control effect was good.

For wintering malignant weeds such as swine fever, maiden, and wild oats, the effect of spring control is poor, and the effect of pre-worship treatment is good.

Overwintering weeds fall and wheat are unearthed at the same time, competing for nutrients. Weeding before winter can ensure that wheat absorbs more nutrients, which is good for winter wheat to form strong seedlings and increase yield.

Pre-winter medication, long safety interval, safe for the next crop; can prevent phytotoxicity of adjacent sensitive crops.

Pre-winter herbicide application technology

1 After the wheat 3 leaves, the weeds are basically out and the tissue is fine and the spraying effect is best. Generally, it is suitable to use medicine in the middle of November, about 40 days after sowing of wheat. At this time, the amount of weeds is more than 90% of the whole growth period.

2 In order to ensure the control effect, it is necessary to use the medicine when the soil is relatively moist in sunny weather with a temperature above 10 °C. If the temperature is too low (below 6 ° C) when spraying, the weeds die slowly.

Precautions

The method of application should be correct. When dispensing, it is necessary to use the second dilution method. It is strictly forbidden to pour the medicine directly into the sprayer.

The choice of the drug should be treated differently according to the situation of the wheat field. If it is a grassy and broadleaf weed mixed wheat field, it can be selected with bensulfuron + acetylene ester or sprayed with benzenesulfonate and isoproturon.

It is necessary to use the amount of foot medicine, the amount of water, spray fine mist, and strive to improve the control effect. Before the application of the medicine, a certain humidity should be maintained in the field to ensure the normal effect of the drug. It is best to seize the favorable timing after the rain, and the fields with severe drought should be flooded, drought-resistant and drained, and then treated with drugs.

Ensure safe medication. Master the medicine when you are warm-headed and have no water in the field to avoid phytotoxicity. It is best to use the medicine at noon on a sunny day. Isoproterenol should not be used during cold spells or in low-lying waterlogged fields.

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(Source: Good Agricultural Resources Network)