For many years, researchers have been studying the use of high-energy laser heating materials in order to ultimately produce fusion energy. Recently, theoretical physicists at the Imperial College in London, United Kingdom, proposed a new heating mechanism that uses a high-energy laser to create a collision-free electrostatic shock wave that can heat small pieces of solid material to thousands of electron volts in 20 femtoseconds. ) Level, higher than the temperature of the Sun Center. Relevant results were published in the latest Nature Newsletter.
The researchers said that this is the first time that they have proposed this method, which is expected to open up new avenues for studying thermonuclear fusion energy. Scientists are always looking for ways to imitate the sun to produce clean energy.
According to the physicist's organization network, the heating rate of the new method is currently 100 times that of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California. In most materials, the laser energy first heats the electrons in the material, and then the electrons heat the particles that make up the substance—ions. The team's approach is to use laser-induced electrostatic shock waves to directly heat the ions, and thus faster than indirect heating through electrons.
In general, when a high-intensity laser is irradiated onto a material, electrostatic shock waves generated will push the ions, causing them to accelerate away and not be heated. The researchers found that if the materials contained special ionic linkages, they would get different accelerations through shock waves, causing friction, which in turn would cause them to heat quickly. This effect is strongest in solids that contain two ions (such as plastics). When there is only one ion, there is no such effect. In addition, the high density is one of the reasons for the rapid heating rate. When the shock wave passes through a high-density material, the ions are squeezed together and the friction effect is much greater than that of a low-density material.
The author of the paper, Dr. Mark Sherlock of the school's Physics Department, said: "The two kinds of ions are like match heads and match boxes. You both need it. A match will not burn itself."
The first author of the paper, Arthur Treyle, said that one of the problems in fusion research is how to obtain energy from the laser at the right time and at the right place. This method allows energy to directly enter the ions. (Reporter Chang Lijun)
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