In winter, due to the low temperatures, the activity and hazards of pests and diseases tend to be in a dormant or less active state. To ensure effective pest control during this season, the China Pesticide Network offers some practical tips on how to apply pesticides more efficiently.
First, it's best to apply pesticides on sunny days when temperatures are relatively higher. During these times, pests are more active, with increased feeding and respiration rates. This makes them more susceptible to the pesticide’s effects once sprayed directly onto their bodies.
Second, consider adjusting the dosage appropriately. The lethal dose required for pests can vary with temperature. In colder conditions, pests may require a slightly higher concentration to be effectively controlled. However, it's important not to exceed 50% of the standard dosage. Always follow the recommended dilution ratio and avoid altering the amount of water used.
Third, choose the right type of pesticide for winter use. Systemic and fumigant pesticides are more sensitive to cold weather, which can reduce their effectiveness. For example, dichlorvos, methamidophos, and other similar products may not perform as well in low temperatures. On the other hand, stomach poisons and contact insecticides like deltamethrin, phoxim, and lime sulfur mixtures tend to remain effective even in cooler conditions. When using herbicides in winter, be patient—effects may take longer to show, so reapplication is usually unnecessary if the product was applied properly.
Fourth, improve the adhesion of the pesticide solution by adding small amounts of adjuvants. For instance, 15 grams of a "medicine primer" or vegetable oil agent, or 10 grams of acidic washing powder, can help the spray stick better to plant surfaces. However, avoid using these additives when spraying on vegetables.
Fifth, extend the safety interval between pesticide application and harvest. Winter slows down the breakdown of pesticides, meaning they may linger longer on crops. This is especially important for vegetable crops, where ensuring safe pesticide residues is crucial for consumer health.
Lastly, prioritize soil treatments when possible. Although soil-applied pesticides can sometimes cause phytotoxicity, they are often cost-effective and efficient. Fruit trees, for example, are more resistant to pesticides during dormancy, making products like Bordeaux mixture or lime sulfur an excellent choice for winter pest control.
The China Pesticide Network reminds everyone: don’t blindly increase the dosage just to achieve better results. Instead, adjust the amount based on temperature, but always stay within 50% of the recommended dose. Proper application techniques and careful selection of products will lead to more effective and safer pest management during the winter months.
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