Since mid-November 2011, the national wheat industry technical system post experts have conducted on-the-spot investigation and investigation of some provinces and cities in the northern winter wheat area, and analyzed the wheat sowing situation and seedling growth as follows:
Miaoqing and sensation
In the main producing areas of northern China, most of the wheat stalks were suitable or sufficient. After several emergencies, the soil moisture generally continued to be good, which was conducive to emergence and seedling growth. According to the results of remote sensing monitoring of soil moisture, most of the soils in the northern wheat area are suitable for public health, and the appropriate proportion of public opinion is 98%. Generally speaking, the current characteristics of the seedlings in the northern wheat area are: the population is suitable or large, the proportion of individuals who are too weak (nen) is relatively high, and the average seedling quality is relatively poor. According to the expert's multi-point survey and summary, the proportion of partial seedlings accounts for 5%-10%, the first type of seedlings account for about 30%, the second type of seedlings account for about 40%, and the third type of seedlings account for about 20%. The reason for the poor quality of the seedlings is mainly due to the large population, the high temperature and the low sunshine. The wheat seedlings grow faster, the early seedlings are more prosperous, and the later seedlings are weaker. The overall moisture and seedling conditions of dryland wheat were significantly better than normal.
Henan Henan Province in the south, the sowing date is basically the same as that in previous years, and the previous rainfall is good, and the proportion of partial seedlings is relatively large; the north of the Yellow River is late in the evening, and then it rains again, causing different degrees of late sowing. Hebei wheat-yu two-crop wheat field was mostly broadcasted on October 5-20 in the same year. The sowing date of cotton buckwheat was from October 22 to November 15 of the same year. At present, the seedling age is also quite different, but the general population is larger. . The main wheat field in Shandong has a relatively concentrated sowing date. The sowing date is suitable, the population is sufficient, and the overall seedling condition is good. The proportion of the first and second seedlings may be relatively high. In the dry land of Shanxi, the wheat was planted in a timely manner due to heavy rainfall and high temperature, and there was a prolonged trend. Some dryland wheat and plastic film mulching wheat had large leaf stalks, slender leaves and yellow-green color due to large sowing amount and insufficient light. The plant is up to 30-40cm "fake Wang Miao"; the water and dry land re-broadcast wheat is late for maturity due to summer planting crops, and the sowing date is generally postponed for 10-15 days. At present, the individual is small. Due to the rainy and tidy photos, the seedlings in Shaanxi Province also showed a tendency of two levels of expansion. According to the seedlings of Xianyang, Baoji, Weinan and Tongchuan, the dry land was planted earlier, and the first and second types of seedlings could reach 80%, but the proportion of Wangmiao and partial seedlings also reached 15%. The sowing date of water is relatively late, and the quality of ground wet broadcast is poor. The basic seedlings are 18-32 thousand/mu, with an average of 264,000/mu. The main stem leaves are mostly 3.2-4.5, and the average single plant is 1.2, with 30%. The individual plants have no tillers, the total number of stems is 28-63 thousand/mu, the first type of seedlings account for about 20%, the second type accounts for about 50%, the third type of seedlings account for more than 20%, and the weak Wang seedlings account for a large proportion.
Over-winter seedling prediction: In the winter, the freezing damage of the upper part of the wheat field in northern wheat field will be very common and heavier. The main reason is that the seedlings are mostly in a state of tender green and weak, and some of them are prosperous. At the end of November of the same year, it faced a sharp drop in temperature. Most areas will enter the wintering period ahead of time, and the blades will suddenly suffer from freezing damage. However, due to better soil moisture, winter frost damage may only be with the leaves, and will not damage the tillers. Except for some serious and long-term, too poorly planted or poorly-suited wheat fields, it is predicted that it will not cause a large area of ​​dead seedlings.
Technical measures
(1) In the area that is late in winter, due to the tight control of the seedlings, the control of the length of the field: for the long leaf age, the total number of stems, and the large amount of cultivated land, and the extensive and ploughing of the land, the pre-winter repression should be carried out to suppress The upper part of the wheat seedlings grows too vigorously, ensuring that the wheat seedlings are safe for winter. The suppression time should be selected in the afternoon on a sunny day to avoid frost damage in the morning. Wetlands should not be suppressed. In the southern part of the northern wheat region, which is warmer in winter, it is possible to control the growth of seedlings by cultivating and cutting roots, but it is not suitable for cold areas in the north.
(2) Pouring wintering water in due course: for wheat fields with less precipitation, insufficient bottom sill or unsuitable surface; for poor quality of straw returning and soil preparation, poor repression after sowing, soil suspended Wheat fields should still insist on pouring over the winter water. The wheat field that was poured into the winter water earlier was drained in time to remove the soil compaction. Since most of the soils in 2011 are better, the amount of water can be reduced to 30 to 40 cubic meters per mu, which can play a role in soiling, crushing and storing water.
(3) Pay attention to weed control and pests: Since most of the wheat fields are full of sensation and weeds are more abundant, we should seize the favorable opportunity of the warmer and warmer weather to control weeds. At the same time, due to the high humidity in the field, it is prone to wheat seedling diseases, such as sheath blight and root rot. The diseased plot can be compounded with anti-disease agents such as triadimefon, carbendazim, propiconazole, etc. when spraying herbicides. To achieve the effect of disease prevention and weeding. Insect pests such as golden worms will decrease with temperature and water after pouring water, but spring may still occur, and prevention should be taken.
(4) For wheat fields that do not water in winter, it is recommended to suppress the protection before returning to green in early spring. At the same time, grazing prohibition in winter.
(5) Northwest mulch wheat should be strictly controlled to avoid excessive water consumption during seedling period. A paclobutrazol control regulator can be used if necessary.
All localities should grasp the wheat field seedlings, census survey and follow-up, and grasp the comprehensive information in time.
G.I. Fittings
G.I. Fittings, G.I. Pipe Fitting
Hebei Lanwei Imp. & Exp. Co., Ltd. , http://www.hblanwei.com