Cotton buds and rotten bells are obstacles that affect cotton's high yield and quality. In the general year, the production is reduced by 10% to 15%, and in severe cases, the production is reduced by 30% to 40%. The reason for the falling buds is generally that the cotton plants are long, the nutrient production is too strong and the reproductive growth is insufficient, or the root nutrient supply is insufficient, or the water is lacking. The cause of rotten bells is mainly caused by poor ventilation, high humidity, pests and diseases. Take the following 10 measures to achieve the "safe bell" effect.
1. Scientific regulation: Since the beginning of the bud period, spray cotton-specific “Tianda 2116†or “Flower buds and a series of bells†to regulate the growth of cotton plants to promote the development of buds and reduce the buds.
2. Scientific topdressing: The effect of slow-release fertilizer release in recent years has been remarkable. For cotton fields with sufficient base fertilizer and strong growth, in addition to reasonable control, the amount of topdressing should be less and the time should be postponed. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be appropriately added, and other foliar fertilizers such as zinc and boron should be sprayed on the foliage.
3. Ventilation and light transmission: through the topping of the technology, the cotton field is ventilated and light, and the distribution of branches and leaves is reasonable.
4. Reduce the humidity: By controlling water and soil, it is guaranteed that the field does not produce excessive humidity, the irrigation and drainage is good, and the rain is dry.
5. Thinning and threshing: The dead leaves, red leaves and yellow leaves in the lower part of the main stem are aging leaves, which can be completely removed. Empty closed fruit branches and fruit branch buds should also be completely removed. When pruning, take the first branch of the main stem, the order of the lower part of the base, and bring out the old leaves and empty branches together.
6. Pushing the plants and smashing: From late August to mid-September, the cotton fields that are late for ripening in the green can be opened by hand on the sunny day, so that the air ducts are formed between the lines, and after 5-7 days, The two rows of cotton plants are pushed away. This is constantly pushed open, which is good for moisture drainage and can effectively prevent rotten bells.
7. Soil and soil fixing: The cotton boll period is often rainy and rainy, and it is easy to cause the lodging of rotten bells. In this period, it is necessary to combine the cultivating soil to fix the roots.
8. Prevention and control of pests and diseases: In the middle and late stages of cotton, thrips, cockroaches, cotton aphid and aphids occur seriously. Comprehensive measures should be taken for prevention and control. If necessary, avermectin, methomyl and pyrethroids can be mixed and sprayed. . The disease is mainly a bell disease, and a foliar spray of a poisonous pesticide can be used.
9. Grab yellow bells and rotten bells: Pick them in time before the rainy days.
10. Medicinal ripening: yellow bells and rotten bells under picking; spraying 500-1000ppm ethephon ripening.
(Kong Fanhong)
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